{"id":117,"date":"2025-01-09T10:40:26","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T10:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.infomega.ro\/a10a\/?page_id=117"},"modified":"2025-01-16T12:09:43","modified_gmt":"2025-01-16T12:09:43","slug":"m3-l1-ce-este-o-retea-de-calculatoare","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.infomega.ro\/a10a\/t-i-c\/m3-tic\/m3-l1-ce-este-o-retea-de-calculatoare\/","title":{"rendered":"M3 TIC L1 Ce este o re\u021bea de calculatoare?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Conectarea a dou\u0103 sau mai multor calculatoare cu scopul de a transmite \u0219i primi date prin intermediul unor echipamente de conexiune \u0219i a unui mediu de transmisie se nume\u0219te re\u021bea de calculatoare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clasificarea re\u021belelor dup\u0103 \u00eentindere:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Local\u0103 – L.A.N. (Local Area Network)<\/strong> – se afl\u0103 \u00eentr-o cl\u0103dire.\n
      \n
    • Metropolitan\u0103 – M.A.N. (Metropolitan Area Network) – este tot un L.A.N. care acoper\u0103 o localitate (ora\u0219=metropola).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • De mare \u00eentindere – W.A.N. (Wide Area Network)<\/strong> – acoper\u0103 o \u021bar\u0103 sau un continent (ex. Orange, Vodafone, R.D.S.=Digi) <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Internet <\/strong>– acoper\u0103 planeta P\u0103m\u00e2nt. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Echipamente de conexiune:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. SWITCH – conecteaz\u0103 gazdele unui L.A.N. unde gazd\u0103 <\/strong>\u00eenseamn\u0103 un calculator, telefon,etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. RUTER (ROUTER) – conecteaz\u0103 L.A.N.-urile dintr-un W.A.N.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. Server <\/strong>= calculator care ofer\u0103 servicii gazdelor ex: server de web, de e-mail, de fi\u0219iere etc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        Medii de transmisie:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. Fire de cupru = cablu cu 8 fire de cupru perechi unde cel mai folosit este UTP (Unshilded Twisted Pair). La distan\u021ba maxim\u0103 de 100m este nevoie de un SWITCH pentru a re\u00eemprosp\u0103ta semnalul transmis. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Fibre optice = cablu \u00een care mediul de transmisie este lumina deci sunt imune la interferen\u021be electromagnetice. La distan\u021ba maxim\u0103 de 10 Km este nevoie de un SWITCH pentru a re\u00eemprosp\u0103ta semnalul transmis. Exist\u0103 fibre optice submarine care fac leg\u0103tura \u00eentre continente \u0219i au lungimi peste 100Km. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. F\u0103r\u0103 fir WIRELESS:\n
            \n
          • Bluetooth – distan\u021ba maxim\u0103 10m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • WI-FI – distan\u021ba maxim\u0103 30m. Cele din mediul businesses sau professional au distan\u021be mai mari.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Date mobile – telefoanele moderne nu mai transmit vocea. Ele transmit date care sunt transformate \u00een voce la destinatar. Distan\u021ba maxim\u0103 25-30 Km. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            Ce avem noi acas\u0103?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Noi avem acas\u0103 un I.S.R.<\/strong> (integrated services router) care integreaz\u0103 echipamentele RUTER <\/strong>\u0219i SWITCH <\/strong>iar uneori este \u0219i MODEM<\/strong>. Modemul este un echipament de re\u021bea care se cupleaz\u0103 la o linie telefonic\u0103 cu sau f\u0103r\u0103 fir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u00centreb\u0103ri:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            1. Ce este o re\u021bea de calculatoare?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. Ce suprafa\u021b\u0103 acoper\u0103 o re\u021bea local\u0103 L.A.N.?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. Ce suprafa\u021b\u0103 acoper\u0103 o re\u021bea metropolitan\u0103 M.A.N.?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            4. Ce suprafa\u021b\u0103 acoper\u0103 o re\u021bea de mare \u00eentindere W.A.N.?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            5. Ce conecteaz\u0103 un SWITCH?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            6. Ce conecteaz\u0103 un ROUTER?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            7. Ce conecteaz\u0103 un SERVER?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            8. ce conecteaz\u0103 un MODEM?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            9. Care sunt mediile de transmisie?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            10. Care este distan\u021ba maxim\u0103 de transmisie pentru fiecare mediu de transmisie \u00een parte?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            11. Ce este un I.S.R.?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n

              [ays_quiz id=’3′]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Conectarea a dou\u0103 sau mai multor calculatoare cu scopul de a transmite \u0219i primi date prin intermediul unor echipamente de conexiune \u0219i a unui mediu de transmisie se nume\u0219te re\u021bea de calculatoare. Clasificarea re\u021belelor dup\u0103 \u00eentindere: Echipamente de conexiune: Medii de transmisie: Ce avem noi acas\u0103? Noi avem acas\u0103 un I.S.R. (integrated services router) care […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":109,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-117","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nM3 TIC L1 Ce este o re\u021bea de calculatoare? - Clasa a X-a InfoMega<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.infomega.ro\/a10a\/t-i-c\/m3-tic\/m3-l1-ce-este-o-retea-de-calculatoare\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M3 TIC L1 Ce este o re\u021bea de calculatoare? - Clasa a X-a InfoMega\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Conectarea a dou\u0103 sau mai multor calculatoare cu scopul de a transmite \u0219i primi date prin intermediul unor echipamente de conexiune \u0219i a unui mediu de transmisie se nume\u0219te re\u021bea de calculatoare. 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